🗒️Roots of the words

2023-4-18|2023-6-2
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turb means to stir

disturb-disturbing-disturbance
turbulent-turbulence
characterized by conflict, disorder, or confusion
perturb
make anxious or unsettled
turbid-turbidity
(of a liquid)cloudy, opaque, or thick with suspended matter
turmoil
a state of great disturbance, confusion, or uncertainty
 

bell means to fight

rebel-rebellious-rebellion
rise in opposition or armed resistance to an established government or leader
belligerent
hostile and aggressive/ a person engaged in war
bellicose
demonstrating aggression and willingness to fight
bellow
emit a deep loud roar, typically in pain or danger

bat means to beat or strike

combat-combatant-combative
fighting between armed forces
batter
strike repeatedly with hard blows/a semi-liquid of flour, egg, and milk, etc.
battle
debate
rebate
a partial refund to someone who has paid too much for tax
abate
become less intense or widespread
 

term/termin means limit

terminate-termination-terminator
bring to an end
the action of terminating something
a person or thing that terminates something
terminal
forming or situated at the end of extremity of something
(of a disease)predicted to lead to death
the end of a railway/bus
determine-determined-determinant-determination
cause to occur in a particular way or to have particular nature
having made a firm decision and being resolved not to change it
a factor which decisively affects the nature or outcome of something
the quality of being determined; firmness or purpose
interminable
endless or apparently endless
exterminate
destroy completely

tag/tact/tang means touch

intact
not damaged or impaired in any way
tact-tactics-tactful
skill and sensitivity in dealing with others or with difficult issues
an action or strategy carefully planned to achieve a specific end
having tact
contact
contagious-contagion
tangible-intangible
the atmosphere of neglect and abandonment
thing that is perceptible by touch
tactile
perceptible by touch or apparently so

puuct/point/pung means to point or to sharpen

disappoint
punctual
happening or doing something at the agreed or proper time
puncture
a small hole in tyre resulting in an escape of air
punctuate
insert punctuation marks in text
pungent
having a sharply strong taste or smell
compunction
a feeling of guilt or moral scruple that prevents or follows the doing of something bad
acupuncture
针灸
appoint
assign a job or role to someone

preci/prais means price/praise

praise
appraise
assess the value or quality of something
precious
depreciate
diminish in value over a period of time
appreciate

leg/legis means law

illegal
非法的,不合法的,adj
legality
legal 的名词形式,n
delegate
会议的代表,n; 委托给,授权给,vt
relegate
放逐, 把…降级,把…降格, vt
把…委托给,把…移交给, vt
legislate
立法,制定法律,通过法律,vi
通过立法使…生效,vt
legislative
立法的,有权立法的,立法机构的,adj
legislation
立法,法律,法规,立法行为,立法过程,n
banking legislation, environmental legislation
financial legislation, agricultural legislation
legislature
立法机关,立法机构,立法部门, n
legitimate
合法的,合情理的,合法婚姻所产生的,adj
A traffic jam is not a legitimate reason to be late
legitimate power; legitimate interest; legitimate person;
legitimate authority; legitimate end; legitimate business
legitimacy
illegitimate
非法的,私生的, adj
legal
法定的,法律的,合法的, adj
 

jur/juris mean law or to swear

jury
十二人陪审团,评委团,n
The jury has reached a unanimous decision
fix a jury, sit on a jury, trial by jury
jural
法律的,法制的,有关权力和义务的,adj
perjury
假誓,伪证,n
Some people have committed perjury
conjure
用魔术变出,恳求,vt
变戏法,施魔法,vi
abjure
发誓放弃(国籍,权利)郑重放弃(主张,信仰)宣布撤回(声明)避免,戒除, vt
abjure a bad habit
jurisdiction
管辖范围,司法权,管辖权,n
This affair is outside my jurisdiction
prudence
谨慎,精明,n
jurisprudence
法律学,n
international jurisprudence
 

judg/judic means to judge or to give a final decision

prejudge
预先判断, vt, vi
adjudge
判决,裁决,vt
[urge sb to do sth]
Mike was adjudged to be guilty
LYC was adjudged the winner of Super Girls in 2005
prejudice
偏见,损害n;使有偏见,对…损害,vt
judicial
司法的,法官的,法庭的,公正的, adj
judicial system
judiciary
司法部,法官,司法制度,n
法院的,法官的,司法的,adj
judicious
明智的,有判断力的,adj
judicious advice
adjudicate
判决,裁决,当…的评判员,vt
[make a formal judgment on a disputed matter]
The court has adjudicated the bankruptcy.
 

par/euq means queal

  • parity 平等,同等,相等,n
  • disparity 不同,不等,差异,n wage disparity
  • imparity 不同,n wage imparity
  • disparage 贬低,不赞同,使..蒙羞,vt please do not disparage our effort to be a great team
  • equate 使相等,把..等同,vt equate A with B
    • equate A to B
      equate wealth with happiness
  • iniquity 极不公正,邪恶, n
  • equivocal 支支吾吾的,模棱两可的, 难以理解的,adj
 

Frag/Fract

  • infract 违反,v
  • frailty frail+ty 脆弱,n
  • frangible 脆弱的,adj
  • infringement 违反,侵犯,n
  • fraction 细小部分,n fractional 极小的,微不足道的,ad fractionalize 打碎,v
  • fractious 生气,adj
  • fracture 断裂,骨折,n
  • difract 拆分,衍射,v diffraction 拆分,衍射,n
  • refract 折射,v refraction 折射,n
  • refractory 倔强的,adj
 

Struct, Story means build

  • construct 建造,v construction,建造n constructive 建设性的,adj
  • substructure 地下结构,n superstructure 上层结构,n infrustructure 基础架构,n
  • structural 结构性的,adj structuralism 结构主义,n structured 结构化的,adj
  • destroy 摧毁,v destroyer 破坏者,驱逐舰,n
  • destructor 爆炸装置,n destructive 破坏性的,adj
  • obstruct 阻碍,v obstructer 障碍物,n obstruction 阻碍,n obstruent阻碍的,闭塞的,adj;止泻剂,n
  • instruct instruction 说明书,n instructor 教师,n instrument 工具,n
 

Sta, Stitu means to stand

  • establish 建立,n
  • institute 建立,v;教育机构,n
  • constitute 组建,建立,n
  • consist 共同组成,v
  • persistent 坚持, v
  • insist 坚持,v
  • destination 目的地,n
  • restitute 返还,v
  • destitute 贫困的, adj
  • contrast 对照,n
  • distance 距离,n
  • circumstance 环境, n
  • desist 放弃,v
  • subsist 生存,v
  • substitute 代替,v
  • constant 坚固的,持续的,adj
  • assistance 支持,协助,n
 

Sens,Sent means feeling

  • consensus, consent 一致认同
  • senseless 无知的,adj
  • nonsense 胡说八道
  • sensible, sensibility(n,情感,对文学艺术的感知力)
  • sensitive 敏感的,神经过敏的,adj
    • sensitively 敏感地,adv
    • sensitivity 敏感,n
    • insensitive 感觉迟钝的,不敏感的,adj
  • oversensitive/hypersensitive(对某种药物过敏) 过度敏感的,adj
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Sensitive is used to describe when someone feeling strongly affected by experiences. Sensible is used to describe someone is behaving rationally
  • sensational 耸人听闻的,adj
  • sentimental 主观上的多愁善感,怀旧的,adj
  • assent 赞同,v
  • dissent 不赞成,v
    • dissenter 持不同意见者,n
    • dissension 争吵,不和,n
    • disentinent 反对的,adj
  • resent 讨厌,v
    • resentful 厌恨的,adj
    • resentment 怨恨,不满,n
 
 

Pathy means to feel

  • sympathy 同情,n
    • in sympathy with 支持某人的情感或者观点
  • telepathy 心灵感应,n
  • apathy 冷漠,n
  • antipathy 厌恶,反感,n
  • empathy 共鸣,n
 

Rat means to recon

  • ration 定量,对..定量供应,n,v
  • rational 理智的,合理的,adj
    • rationalize 使合理化,v
    • rationally 理智地,adv
    • rationality 合理性,n
  • ratify 批准,正式签署,v
  • ratio 比例,n
 

Put means to think

  • computerize 用计算机操作,v
  • compute 计算,v
  • dispute 争论,争辩,v,n
 

Crit, Cert means to judge

  • criticize 批评,批判,v
    • critical 批判的,adj
    • critic 批评家,n
    • criticism 批判主义,n
  • hypocritic 伪君子,n
  • critify 证明,授予证书,v
    • certificate 证书,文凭n
    • certification 证书,鉴定,n
  • concert 音乐会,协调一致,联合行动,n,v
    • in concert 行动一致,异口同声
  • ascertain 查明真相,v
 
 

Flict - Suffering

  • afflict 折磨,使苦恼
    • be afflicted with
  • affliction 折磨
    • affliction of old age
    • suffer deep affliction
  • inflict 导致痛苦
    • inflict A on B = impose A on B
    • infliction 痛苦的经历
  • conflict 冲突
    • armed conflict
    • conflict between A and B
    • ‘conflict n; con’flict v
 

Agon - Suffering

  • agon 痛苦
    • in great agony
  • advice columnist = agony aunt & uncle
  • antagonize 引起敌意
  • antagonism 敌意,对抗
 

Ment - Mind

  • mental 精神的,智力的
    • mental hospital & mental institution 精神病院
    • mental deficiency 心智不全
    • mental age 心理年龄
    • a mental block 心理障碍
    • to make a mental note of 记在心里
  • mentality 心理
    • a week mentality 弱智者
    • criminal mentality 犯罪心理学
  • comment 评论
    • commentary 解说词
    • commentator 时事评论员
 
 

Soph - Wisdom

  • sophomore 大二
  • sophisticated 老练的
  • philosopher 哲学家,达观的人
  • philosophy 哲学
 

fid - trust

have every confidence in somebody 对某人的绝对信赖
  • confide 倾诉
  • confidential 私密的
  • confidant 值得信赖的人
  • in confidence = in secret
  • fidelity 坚贞,忠心
 

Cred

  • credit 信誉,功劳,称赞
  • credence 信用
    • do not give credence to all the gossip
  • creditable 值得称赞的
  • credulous 易受骗的
  • accredit 归因于
    • accredit A to B = attribute A to B
  • discredit 使不可置信
    • discredit one’s reputation
 

firm - persistence

  • infirm 虚弱的
    • infirmary 医务室,医院
  • affirm 断言
    • affirmation 肯定
    • affirmative 肯定的
  • confirm 确认
    • confirmation 确认
    • a confirmed optimistic 一个坚定的乐观主义者
 

dur

  • duration 持续时间
  • durable 耐用的
  • enduring 持久的
    • enduring quality
    • enduring appeal
  • endure 忍耐,容忍
  • endurance 持久力
 

alter

  • alterable 可改变的
  • alteration 变化
  • alternate 使交替,交替的
    • alternation 交替
  • alternative 可供选择的事物
 

simil

  • assimilate 同化
    • assimilate into Chinese culture
  • assimilation 消化
 

sembl

  • semblance 外观
    • the semblance of smile 假笑,勉强的笑
  • resemble 与什么相似
    • resemblance 相似
      • a striking resemblance to
  • assemble 集合,装配
  • assembly 集会,集合者,装备
    • assembly line 流水线
  • dissemble 假装,掩饰
 

simul

  • simulate 模仿
    • simulation 模仿
  • simultaneous 同时发生的
    • simultaneous translator 同声传译员
 

sort - type

  • assort 把什么分类
    • assorted 各式各样的
    • assortment 分类
  • consort 和坏人结伴
 

speci

  • specific 具体的
  • speciality 专业,特产
  • specialize 专门从事
  • specious 似是而非的
  • specification 说明书
  • specimen 标本
 

nutri/nutrit

nutrient 营养的
nutriment 营养品
nutritional 有营养价值的
nutritious 有营养的
innutrition 无营养
innutritious 无营养的
mulnutrition 营养不良
nutriology 营养学
 

ed → eat

edible 可食用的
inedible 可食用的
edibility 可食用性
inedibility 不适宜食用
 

satis, satur → enough

saturate 使饱和
saturated 饱和的
unsaturated 不饱和的
saturation 饱和度
monounsaturated 单不饱和脂肪的
polyunsaturated 多不饱和脂肪的
saturation point 饱和点
saturated with sth 充满某物
 

juven → young

juvenility 年轻,不成熟
juvenescence 返老还童
juvenescent 变年轻的
juvenilia 少年读物
juvenile 青少年的
rejuvenate 恢复活力
rejuvenation 恢复活力
rejuvenator 回春剂
juvenile obesity 青年肥胖
juvenile delinquency 青年犯罪
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